KVM.v7
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http://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=kvm
Contents
KVM Prep
yum upgrade
Can your server be a VM host?
egrep '(vmx|svm)' --color=always /proc/cpuinfo
Get an idea of the CPUs
dmesg |grep cpu
Installing a KMV Server
resources : http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/KVM This page got me going at first: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-linux-kvm-virtualization-bridged-networking-with-libvirt/ Most of what follows is a plagiarisation from them. HowTo:KMV:Maintaining v 7 does not have kmod-kvm python-virtinst
yum install kvm virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python virt-manager libvirt qemu-system-x86 openssh-askpass qemu-kvm virt-install bridge-utils
yum -y install @virt* dejavu-lgc-* xorg-x11-xauth tigervnc libguestfs-tools policycoreutils-python
yum grouplist
yum -y groupinstall "Desktop" "Desktop Platform" "GNOME Desktop" "Fonts"
Starting Services
systemctl start libvirtd systemctl enable libvirtd
Setting up Network cards
The configuration I am looking for
My Local Switch Virt Server
LAN Local The Internet
eth0 eth1
192.168.x.x <==> 192.168.x.254 123.123.123.123
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.0
against eth0
xp VM 1
192.168.x.x
xp VM 2
192.168.x.x
xp VM 3
192.168.x.x
CentOS VM
192.168.x.253
- We use NetworkManager (mine is on by default)
- Make dure you have a copy of the ifcfg-eno### file
add bridge "br0"
(I write these to a file and run the file)
NIC=enp4s0 BR=br0 IP=192.168.7.77/24 GW=192.168.7.254 nmcli c add type bridge autoconnect yes con-name $BR ifname $BR #should get a comment like this: #Connection 'br0' (0f4b7bc8-8c7a-461a-bff1-d516b941a6ec) successfully added. #set IP for br0, I use the same IP address as from the current connection of ifcfg-eno### nmcli c modify $BR ipv4.addresses $IP ipv4.method manual #set Gateway for br0 nmcli c modify $BR ipv4.gateway $GW #set DNS for "br0" nmcli c modify $BR ipv4.dns $GW #remove the current setting (This has to be done at the server not via vnc.) nmcli c delete $NIC #The ifcfg-eno### file has been deleted #add an interface again as a member of br0 nmcli c add type bridge-slave autoconnect yes con-name $NIC ifname $NIC master $BR #The ifcfg-eno### file has been recreated systemctl stop NetworkManager systemctl start NetworkManager
reboot
etc/sysconfig/network
emacs /etc/sysconfig/networks
NETWORKING=yes FORWARD_IPV4=true HOSTNAME=mail.me.co.nz DOMAINNAME=me.co.nz GATEWAY=br1
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
emacs /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp3s0
TYPE=Ethernet NAME=enp3s0 UUID=922cb52f-a731-4ad9-853d-d7aea9ddbe6e DEVICE=enp3s0 ONBOOT=yes BRIDGE=br0
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
emacs /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br0
DEVICE=br0 STP=yes TYPE=Bridge BOOTPROTO=none DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no NAME=br0 UUID=a8e0e8f4-86a0-4045-ac36-27b8ff7ef270 ONBOOT=yes BRIDGING_OPTS=priority=32768 IPADDR=192.168.20.7 PREFIX=24 GATEWAY=192.168.20.254 DNS1=192.168.20.254 IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
NOTE Bridge must be spelt with a capital B
Check with
brctl show bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces br0 8000.6cf0495e2918 yes enp3s0 virbr0 8000.5254001c0211 yes virbr0-nic
To check all is well:
ip addr show br0 ip route ping google.com
This got me a nice ways along, but when I started up xp VM, it is still using the NAT settings. This is where this page set me to the next step.
http://wiki.libvirt.org/page/Networking
The extra things I did from this pages:
# cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf <<EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 EOF # sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
Here are some iptables rules that I did not use.
# echo "-I FORWARD -m physdev --physdev-is-bridged -j ACCEPT" > /etc/sysconfig/iptables-forward-bridged # lokkit --custom-rules=ipv4:filter:/etc/sysconfig/iptables-forward-bridged # service libvirtd reload
Disks
ntfs
Do these commands inside the VM.
wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm rpm -ihv epel-release-7-5.noarch.rpm yum install ntfs-3g ntfsprogs
You can not mount and format ntfs partitions.
iSCSI
yum install iscsi-initiator-utils
ISSUES
=Get F8
Get Out of Full Screen
When in full screen mode, hit Ctrl-Alt to 'unhinge' the mouse and move the mouse to the top-middle of the screen. A little applet drops down to allow you to leave full screen and send key-combinations.
Create VMs
Setup the directories, in my case
/home/kvm/iso /home/kvm/images
Simple command to create the container.
qemu-img create /home/kvm/images/snakedoctor.img 40G
Create a KVM from a Clonezilla image
Playing around with HD images
hattip http://blogging.dragon.org.uk/index.php/mini-howtos/how-to-make-a-blank
New HD
qemu-img create -f raw new_drive.img 8G
Resize HD
cat small.img new_drive.img > bigger.img
(Untested)
Server Backups
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/QEMU/Images
qemu-img create -f qcow2 winsrvBK.img 100G
Creates an image which is only
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 194K Aug 13 09:57 winsrvBK.img mkdir /mnt/winsrvBK
Hmmm http://dgc.uchicago.edu/20130530/mounting-a-kvm-disk-image-without-kvm/
http://blogs.operationaldynamics.com/andrew/software/research/mounting-a-kvm-image-on-a-host-system
https://www.suse.com/documentation/opensuse121/book_kvm/data/cha_qemu_guest_inst_qemu-img.html
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